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Fullerene-based systems G. Accorsi, N. Armaroli, J. Clifford, and Y. Rio
Fullerenes are all carbon molecular cages which constitute the 4th allotropic form of carbon,
after amorfous, graphite, and diamond.
Fullerenes were discovered in 1985 by H. Kroto (University of Sussex, U.K.), R. Smalley, and R. Curl
(both at Rice University, Houston, USA) while trying to reproduce in the laboratory the conditions
allowing the formation of carbon clusters in the interstellar space.
Thanks to their discovery they were awarded the
1996 Nobel Prize in Chemisty.
The production and purification of gram scale quantities of fullerenes in the laboratory,
was achieved by Huffman and coworkers at the University of Arizona in 1990.
This was the beginning of a huge research effort worldwide,
which embraces several fields of chemistry, biology, and
materials science and are focussed, in particular, on the most common fullerenes i.e.
C60 and C70(below) and their functionalised derivatives.
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